Cash-starved states and other municipal governments are no strangers to taxing ecommerce to generate revenue.

States, for example, have been collecting sales tax on ecommerce purchases by consumers and businesses for years.

Now, a growing number of states, including Colorado, Minnesota and Washington, are looking for options. Solutions include collecting a percentage of the fee consumers and businesses pay to have ecommerce packages delivered to homes or offices to pay for road repair and related projects.

How ecommerce is taxed in Colorado and Minnesota

For example, in 2022, Colorado became the first state to impose a retail delivery fee. That became one component of a 10-year, $5.4 billion transportation funding package. The retail delivery fee is expected to bring in $78 million a year. At that level, the fee represented approximately 15% of new revenues in the package.

All businesses were initially required to collect and remit a 27-cent fee on each retail delivery order by motor vehicle placed to a location in Colorado. Since being implemented, the fee has increased to 28 cents. However, Colorado also has amended the law to exempt businesses with $500,000 or less in annual sales from having to collect the fee.

Currently, two states — Colorado and Minnesota — have passed bills that collect a percentage of ecommerce delivery fees for fixing roads, bridges, and related transportation infrastructure.

Now, Washington is considering similar legislation. Washington has 57,000 miles of city and county streets. They account for 71% of the total miles in the state, according to the Washington State Department of Transportation.

Cities primarily fund their transportation systems on their own. As they do, 69% of transportation expenditures come from local sources, which face pressure due to competing local demands and structural budget deficits.

Meanwhile, the state’s share, which comes from state fuel tax receipts, is in decline. As a result, local governments are searching for new transportation revenue sources, according to a newly published report from the Washington State Joint Transportation Committee.

Why Washington is considering new legislation

A fee in Washington of 30 cents per order could generate between $45 million and $112 million in revenue in 2026, according to the report. The authors estimate that could grow to between $59 million and $160 million by 2030.

The cost to implement is estimated between $200,000 and $540,000 per year over the first several years.

So far, Washington has produced only one report. Meanwhile, no bill thus far has been introduced in the Washington state legislature.

Still, consumer and business ecommerce spending continues to increase. As it does, even more deliveries are being made. And more states including New York, Ohio, Nevada, Minnesota, Colorado, and Washington are exploring taxing delivery fees for road repair revenue.

“While neither Nevada nor Ohio has moved forward with a delivery fee, both states assessed the mechanism’s viability as a revenue mechanism including its revenue stability, efficiency, ease of administration, social equity, user equity, and transparency,” the report says.

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